A major issue of X-ray radiation therapy is thatnormal cells can be damaged, limiting the amount of X-rays that can be safelydelivered to a tumor. We have developed a new method based on graphene oxide(GO) to protect normal cells from oxidative damage by removing free radicalsgenerated by X-ray radiation using graphene oxide (GO). A variety of techniquessuch as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative assay, apoptosis, γ-H2AXexpression, and micro-nucleus assay have been used to assess the protectiveeffect of GO in cultured fibroblast cells. It is found that although GO athigher concentration (100 and 500 μg/mL) can cause cell death and DNA damage,it can effectively remove oxygen free radicals at a lower concentration of 10μg/mL. The level of DNA damage and cell death is reduced by 48%, and 39%,respectively. Thus, low concentration GO can be used as an effectiveradio-protective agent in occupational and therapeutic settings.

A major issue of X-ray radiation therapy is thatnormal cells can be damaged, limiting the amount of X-rays that can be safelydelivered to a tumor. We have developed a new method based on graphene oxide(GO) to protect normal cells from oxidative damage by removing free radicalsgenerated by X-ray radiation using graphene oxide (GO). A variety of techniquessuch as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative assay, apoptosis, γ-H2AXexpression, and micro-nucleus assay have been used to assess the protectiveeffect of GO in cultured fibroblast cells. It is found that although GO athigher concentration (100 and 500 μg/mL) can cause cell death and DNA damage,it can effectively remove oxygen free radicals at a lower concentration of 10μg/mL. The level of DNA damage and cell death is reduced by 48%, and 39%,respectively. Thus, low concentration GO can be used as an effectiveradio-protective agent in occupational and therapeutic settings.